Category: MIL-OSI

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

Source: Government of India

National Institute of Social Defence recognised as Awarding Body by National Council for Vocational Education and Training

To Strengthen Vocational Education and Training landscape to create a pool of talented workforce for meeting demand and challenges in Welfare of Senior Citizens

Posted On: 26 MAR 2025 4:48PM by PIB Delhi

In a landmark development, National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET), Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Government of India, has officially recognized the National Institute of Social Defence (NISD), an Autonomous Body under the Union Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, as an Awarding Body (Dual Category).

The agreement, aimed at strengthening the vocational education and training landscape in the social sector (Geriatrics), was signed in the presence of Shri Atul Kumar Tiwari, Secretary, MSDE and Chairperson, NCVET. This collaboration between NISD and NCVET is a critical step toward India’s social sector, ensuring that a pool of talented workforce is well-equipped to meet the demand and challenges in the welfare of senior citizens.

This recognition means that NISD can award, assess and certify the learners where training is directly being imparted by the Awarding Body in campuses or training centers owned or fully managed by it, for its approved or adopted qualifications. Its recognition as an awarding body will help standardize and accredit its specialized training programmes, aligning them with national and global frameworks, and facilitating greater integration with key national initiatives like Skill India Mission.

Shri Atul Kumar Tiwari, Secretary, MSDE and Chairperson, NCVET, emphasized the growing need for a skilled workforce in the dynamics of demographic changes in India’s ageing population. He also emphasized the importance to build a highly skilled pool of the geriatric workforce which can bridge the gap in the field of healthcare for senior citizens. With the increasing ageing population and the growing demand of the skilled geriatric workforce across the world, it is more important than ever to ensure that our workforce meets international standards” he said.

Ms. Monali P. Dhakate, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment and Sh. Praveen Thind, Director National Institute of Social Defence, represented the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment during the signing of the agreement. Ms. Dhakate expressed her enthusiasm about the dual recognition, stating that this recognition marks a significant milestone in our efforts to build a skilled geriatric workforce for the growing need of the ageing population. By aligning our training programs with the demands in this sector, we aim to create a talented workforce in the field of geriatrics with the necessary knowledge and hands-on expertise to support the nation’s needs and compete globally.

NISD is the nodal training and research institute in the field of social defence. NISD focuses on human resource development in the areas of drug abuse prevention, welfare of senior citizens and transgenders, beggary prevention, and other social defence issues.
The NCVET, serving as the national regulator for vocational education and training, plays a vital role in setting standards, developing regulations, and improving the quality and outcomes of skilling initiatives across the country. It is responsible for the recognition and regulation of awarding bodies and assessment agencies that are instrumental in developing a highly skilled workforce to meet industry demands.

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VM

(Release ID: 2115316) Visitor Counter : 72

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

Source: Government of India

Ministry of Science & Technology

PARLIAMENT QUESTION: RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMMES

Posted On: 26 MAR 2025 4:57PM by PIB Delhi

(Release ID: 2115323)

Source: Government of India

Posted On: 26 MAR 2025 4:57PM by PIB Delhi

The Government has announced the National Geospatial Mission in Union Budget 2025-26 to develop foundational geospatial infrastructure and data across the country, including Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Uttar Pradesh, to facilitate modernization of land records, urban planning and design of infrastructure projects. The foundational geospatial infrastructure and data which includes National Geodetic Reference Frame consisting of National Horizontal Reference Frame (NHRF) and National Vertical Reference Frame (NVRF) and consist of Orthorectified Imagery (ORI) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM), along with Geo-ICT Infrastructure will facilitate in providing improved and efficient land records, sustainable urban development and better design for infrastructure projects to all stakeholders.

This information was given by Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, MoS PMO, Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Space, in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

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NKR/PSM

(Release ID: 2115322) Visitor Counter : 37

Source: Government of India

Posted On: 26 MAR 2025 4:58PM by PIB Delhi

The Union Cabinet approved the National Quantum Mission (NQM) on 19th April 2023 at a total cost of Rs.6003.65 crore for a period of eight years.

The aims of the mission are:

1. To seed, nurture and scale up scientific and industrial R&D and create vibrant & innovative ecosystem in Quantum Technology (QT).
2. To accelerate QT led economic growth and ecosystem in the country.
3. To be among the leading nations in the development of Quantum Technologies.

The objectives of the mission are:

1. Develop intermediate scale quantum computers with 20-50 physical qubits (3 years), 50-100 physical qubits (5 years) and 50-1000 physical qubits (8 years) in various platforms like superconducting and photonic technology.
2. Develop satellite based secure quantum communications between two ground stations over a range of 2000 kilometers within India as well as long distance secure quantum communications with other countries.
3. Develop inter-city quantum key distribution over 2000 km with trusted nodes using wavelength division multiplexing on existing optical fiber.
4. Develop multi-node Quantum network with quantum memories, entanglement swapping and synchronized quantum repeaters at each node (2-3 nodes).
5. Develop magnetometers with 1 femto-Tesla/sqrt(Hz) sensitivity in atomic systems and better than 1 pico-Tesla/sqrt(Hz) sensitivity in Nitrogen Vacancy-centers;Gravity measurements having sensitivity better than 100 nano-meter/second² using atoms and Atomic Clocks with 10^-19 fractional instability for precision timing, communications and navigation.
6. Design and synthesis of quantum materials such as superconductors, novel Semiconductor structures and topological materials for fabrication of quantum devices for development of qubits for quantum computing and quantum communication applications, single photon sources/detectors, entangled photon sources for quantum communications, sensing and metrological applications.

This information was given by Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, MoS PMO, Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Space, in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

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NKR/PSM

(Release ID: 2115324) Visitor Counter : 32

Source:

(FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE 07 March, 2025) – Diesel removal operation by the Salvage Company (“salvors”) contracted by New Zealand Defence Force (NZDF), has come to an end, but further fuel extraction efforts and other recovery works continue on the sunken HMNZS Manawanui.

 The diesel removal operation is only Phase 1 of the long recovery process. The priority is minimizing environmental impacts and ensuring a careful, thorough operation. The diesel removal operation started in the last week of December, 2024.

 The salvors have reached and checked the fuel tanks, compartments, and other locations that could contain diesel fuel, oil, and other pollutants on the vessel.

 In total, 55 tanks and compartments were reached and checked. Ten tanks were not accessed as they were known to be either empty or not to contain pollutants.

 Over 320,000 litres of diesel fuel mixed with seawater have been removed, and from this, just over 300,000 litres of usable diesel fuel have been extracted.

Another 45,000 litres of liquid, including waste oils and diesel fuel/seawater, have also been removed and will be returned to New Zealand and processed for safe disposal.

Final amounts will be confirmed once assessments are completed.

 As stated at the beginning of this work, while there may be a very small amount of residual diesel fuel remaining in the vessel, the team is confident that the salvors have been extremely careful and thorough. The salvors have checked tanks, compartments, and other locations that could contain diesel fuel, oil, and other pollutants.

 Regular testing by the Scientific Research Organisation of Samoa (SROS) has reported consistently low hydrocarbons and confirmed that the seawater and marine life in this area are clear and uncontaminated.

As a result, the precautionary zone in the area that carried a warning on fishing was reduced and eventually removed in February, 2025. Regular testing will continue.

 Continuous environmental monitoring by Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries in collaboration with SPREP and relevant agencies, has shown that the diesel fuel that initially escaped into the sea dissipated relatively quickly, evaporating due to wind and wave action, as is typical for this type of light diesel fuel.

 All recovered items and the remaining unprocessed liquids will be transported back to New Zealand for processing and safe disposal.

Acknowledgement:

The MPAC Chairman and CEO MWTI, Afioga Fui Tupai Mau Simanu, would like to express our heartfelt gratitude and sincere appreciation to the village of Tafitoala, the district of Safata, and the general public for your unwavering support during the extraction works carried out by the salvors.

The dedication and spirit of community you have shown have played a pivotal role in ensuring the success of this operation, and we are deeply thankful for the vital role each of you has played.

For more information:

Contact Makerita Atonio-Iese, ACEO Maritime Division of the Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure on makerita.atonio@mwti.gov.ws or call 21611

END.

SOURCE – Ministry of Works, Transport and Infrastructure Samoa

March 26, 2025

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

​Hongkong Post announced today (March 26) that, as advised by the postal administration of Malta, due to the implementation of a new import system by the local customs, mail delivery services to the country are subject to delay.

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

     Following is a question by Reverend Canon the Hon Peter Douglas Koon and a written reply by the Secretary for Health, Professor Lo Chung-mau, in the Legislative Council today (March 26):
 
Question:
 
     Regarding the Electronic Health Record Sharing System (eHealth), will the Government inform this Council:
 
(1) of the number of healthcare providers registered with eHealth so far, together with a breakdown by type of institutions (i.e. public hospitals, public clinics, private hospitals, and private healthcare institutions (including clinics, residential care homes for the elderly and social welfare organisations providing healthcare services));
 
(2) of the number of healthcare personnel registered with eHealth so far, together with a breakdown by profession (i.e. doctors, dentists, Chinese medicine practitioners and other healthcare personnel);
 
(3) given that in the reply to my question on the Estimates of Expenditure 2024-2025, the Secretary for Health has indicated that as the health data contribution to eHealth by private healthcare institutions has remained extremely low, the Government has rolled out the eHealth Adoption Sponsorship Pilot Scheme to facilitate seamless data upload from the clinical management systems of private doctors to eHealth, and will progressively require all private healthcare institutions participating in all government-funded or subsidised health programmes to upload health records of the relevant service users onto eHealth, whether the Government has assessed the effectiveness of the aforesaid measures;
 
(4) as the Government indicated last year that it would consider amending the Electronic Health Record Sharing System Ordinance (Cap. 625) to require healthcare providers to deposit specified essential health data in the personalised eHealth accounts of members of the public and to streamline the consent process of eHealth, of the progress of the relevant legislative amendment exercise;
 
(5) as it is learnt that quite a number of members of the public, especially the elderly, choose to seek medical treatment on the Mainland at present, whether the Government will make more extensive use of electronic health records across the boundary, such as by enhancing the eHealth system to allow members of the public to upload their non-local health record information onto the eHealth for local healthcare professionals’ reference, thereby achieving the data connectivity between two places; if so, of the details; if not, the reasons for that?
 
Reply:
 
President,
 
     eHealth is a city-wide electronic health record sharing system launched by the Government in 2016 that enables citizens to authorise healthcare providers (HCPs) in the public and private sectors to view and share their electronic health records (eHRs) for healthcare purposes. Building on the strengths of the infrastructure of eHealth, the Chief Executive announced in the 2023 Policy Address the initiative to roll out a five-year development plan of eHealth+ to transform eHealth into a comprehensive healthcare information infrastructure that integrates multiple functions of data sharing, service delivery and care journey management. eHealth+ aims to facilitate care co-ordination, cross-sector collaboration, as well as health management and surveillance, thereby better serving our citizens in obtaining optimal healthcare services, and supporting the healthcare reform and various healthcare policies more effectively, such as primary healthcare and cross-boundary healthcare services. The Government is taking forward the eHealth+ plan in phases in accordance with the patient-centric principle and four strategic directions, namely, One Health Record, One Care Journey, One Digital Front Door to Empowering Tool and One Health Data Repository.
 
     In consultation with the Hospital Authority (HA), the reply to the question raised by Reverend Canon the Hon Peter Douglas Koon is as follows:
 
(1) and (2) As of end-February 2025, eHealth has covered over 80 per cent of Hong Kong’s population and the majority of public and private HCPs. The number of HCPs registered with eHealth by the type of organisation is tabulated as follows:
 

     Besides, as of end-February 2025, about 58 800 healthcare professionals (HCProfs) have registered with eHealth. The number of registered HCProfs by profession is tabulated as follows: 
 

(3) and (4) Under the strategic development direction of One Health Record, the Government seeks to consolidate the longitudinal eHRs of citizens that are spread across a multitude of healthcare processes into their personal eHealth accounts. A comprehensive eHR profile enables the HCPs authorised by citizens to respond to their health needs more effectively, thus enhancing clinical outcomes and saving costs of the care process. Nevertheless, while private HCPs have been actively using eHealth in supporting clinical processes as evidenced by the fact that nearly 60 per cent of eHR access by HCPs as of end-February 2025 were by private HCPs, more than 99 per cent of some 4.5 billion eHRs shared on eHealth are from public HCPs.  

     The Government has been taking a multi-pronged approach to encourage and facilitate the deposit of citizens’ eHRs into eHealth by private HCPs, thereby assisting citizens in accessing, managing and using their own eHRs during the healthcare process more conveniently. Last year, the Government launched a platform enabling self-service data compliance testing to simplify the technical testing procedures, and provided dedicated technical support to healthcare institutions. The Government also rolled out the eHealth Adoption Sponsorship Pilot Scheme (the Pilot Scheme) by partnering with electronic medical record (eMR) solutions vendors and medical groups to co-fund system enhancements in achieving seamless eHR sharing between eHealth and eMR systems in the market. With the Government’s endeavours, the eHRs deposited by private HCPs into eHealth in a year increased from 2.19 million in 2023 to 3.67 million in 2024. From July 2023 to February 2025, about 80 private HCPs (involving around 480 private doctors and 200 service locations) connected to eHealth and deposited more than 1.12 million eHRs through the Pilot Scheme.  

     In future, the Government will continue to collaborate with the private healthcare sector to enhance the connectivity between eHealth and their eMR solutions. In particular, given the positive impacts of the Pilot Scheme, the Government has progressively expanded the Scheme to include more eMR solution vendors, medical groups and other sectors, including Chinese medicine. The Government will also launch the eHealth+ accreditation scheme in 2025 to enable citizens to easily identify if an HCP has the capability to deposit health records into their personal eHealth accounts and the extent of data involved, with a view to facilitating citizens in choosing suitable HCPs after making reference to such information, thereby ensuring that their medical records will be deposited in their personal eHealth accounts. 

     Besides, the Government introduced the Electronic Health Record Sharing System (Amendment) Bill 2025 (the Amendment Bill) into the Legislative Council to provide a legal framework to assist citizens in building a more comprehensive eHR. Among other things, the Amendment Bill will streamline the consent mechanism such that once citizens agree to join eHealth, their HCPs will be able to deposit health data into their personal eHealth accounts. Meanwhile, citizens will continue to retain full control over their personal data and can grant individual HCPs access to their eHealth records at their own will. The Amendment Bill will also empower the Secretary for Health to require specified HCPs to deposit specified important health data into the personal eHealth accounts of citizens registered with eHealth with their consents, in order to assist citizens in accessing and controlling of their key health information.  

     The Government will continue to provide support and collaborate with the private healthcare sector to enable the majority of private HCPs to seamlessly connect with eHealth and will also consider providing additional assistance to healthcare institutions and HCProfs that are less prepared for digitalisation.

(5) With the ever-tighter economic and social integration between Hong Kong and the Mainland, Hong Kong citizens making use of healthcare services in the Mainland, especially in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), is becoming more common. To support citizens’ cross-boundary healthcare needs, the Government has been working to enable citizens to self-carry their eHRs for cross-boundary uses via eHealth to enhance the continuity of care across the boundary. Among other things, the Government in 2024 introduced the “Cross-boundary Health Record” (CBHR) and “Personal Folder” functions in the eHealth mobile application (eHealth App) at the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH) and seven medical institutions under the Elderly Health Care Voucher (EHCV) Greater Bay Area Pilot Scheme. The CBHR function enables eligible Hong Kong elderly persons using EHCV at specified healthcare institutions to apply for a copy of their eHRs in eHealth over the past three years through the eHealth App in advance. HCProfs of the specified healthcare institutions can then access and browse the relevant eHRs by scanning the QR codes presented by the elderly person at the time of consultation to assist in diagnoses and treatment. The “Personal Folder” function enables citizens to deposit eHRs obtained during consultations within and outside Hong Kong to their personal eHealth accounts on their own to facilitate storage and use of eHRs, including access by Hong Kong HCPs authorised by users through the eHealth system during follow-up care.
   
     The feedback on relevant cross-boundary functions has been positive. The Government will continue to streamline the workflow and improve the user experience, and extend the relevant cross-boundary functions to more medical institutions under cross-boundary healthcare collaboration programmes in a progressive manner, as well as enhance the role of eHealth as the core system for cross-boundary health data sharing. The Government noted that citizens carrying their own eHRs for cross-boundary use each time is not the most convenient, secure, and effective way for both citizens and HCPs. For example, given the more stringent technical requirements, it is difficult for citizens to self-upload high-resolution radiology images to their eHealth accounts. In accordance with the current legislation, HCPs outside Hong Kong are unable to register with eHealth. To support citizens’ needs more effectively, the Government proposed in the Amendment Bill to empower the Commissioner for the Electronic Health Record to recognise individual HCPs and public health record systems outside Hong Kong, subject to sufficient protection of data privacy and system security as well as due compliance with specified requirements and conditions. This will enable citizens to use their eHRs across the boundary in a more convenient and secure manner. If an individual citizen uses services at a recognised HCP outside Hong Kong, he/she can choose to authorise the HCP to securely access his/her eHealth records and deposit the health records of the services received into his/her personal eHealth account, with a view to enhancing the quality and safety of cross-boundary healthcare services. HCPs outside Hong Kong can only access and deposit citizens’ eHealth records when a registered citizen provides explicit consent when using its services. Under no other circumstances will eHealth records be transmitted across the boundary.

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

     Following is a question by the Hon Leung Man-kwong and a reply by the Secretary for Housing, Ms Winnie Ho, in the Legislative Council today (March 26):
 
Question:

     It has been reported that some prospective owners of Home Ownership Scheme (HOS) flats were informed only after taking possession of their flats that the kitchens and toilets in their flats were prefabricated components, of which the partitioning could not be altered, and they decided to forfeit the deposit they had paid as their flats had become much less practical. There are views that the layout and design of HOS flats fail to meet the needs of the public, resulting in quite a number of owners abandoning their brand-new furniture such as pedestal toilets, lavatory basins and zinc basins. In this connection, will the Government inform this Council:

(1) of the number of applications received by the Housing Department (HD) in the past three years for altering the partitioning of subsidised sale flats and, among them, the respective numbers of applications involving alterations to kitchens and toilets;

(2) given that the subsidised sale flats of the Hong Kong Housing Society provide open kitchen units for buyers to choose from, whether the Hong Kong Housing Authority has considered increasing the supply of such units; if not, of the reasons for that; and

(3) whether the HD is aware of the wastage caused by tenants and owners of public housing units abandoning the original furniture of the units, such as, among others, countertops in kitchens, taps and zinc basins, after taking possession of their flats; if so, whether the HD will conduct a review of the indoor installations of public housing units, so as to minimize such abandonment; if not, the reasons for that?
 
Reply:

President,
 
     I would like to thank the Hon Leung Man-kwong for his concern about the construction methods, flat design and indoor provisions of the Home Ownership Scheme (HOS) flats categorised under Subsidised Sale Flats (SSF) of the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA). My reply to the question raised by the Hon Leung Man-kwong is as follows:
 
Since its establishment in 1973, the HA has all along been committed to enhancing the housing ladder, assisting low- to middle-income families to achieve home ownership through the sale of SSF, with a view to promoting upward mobility.
 
     In terms of design, the HA has been adopting a simple yet practical approach. The flats are designed according to basic design principles emphasising simplicity, sustainability and safety with provisions that comply with the requirements of the Buildings Ordinance and other relevant regulations. With the constraint of flat size, we understand that residents have to design the layout and partitions in a more flexible manner, so as to meet the needs of different family members. For example, families with elderly members or children will have vastly different needs. Therefore, SSF are partition-free, providing maximum flexibility for users to opt for layouts which suit their own needs at best.
 
     As for construction, as early as the 1980s, the HA has adopted off-site prefabrication technology and has had most building components prefabricated in factories and then delivered to sites for installation. Not only does this technology minimise on-site construction processes, but it also enhances site safety and environmental protection. This further boosts construction efficiency and sustains the sale of SSF at a low price.
 
     Subject to actual conditions of the site, the HA uses different prefabricated components, including precast facades, semi-precast slabs, or volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens as building parts. For example, since 2002, i.e. more than two decades ago, the HA has been applying volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens in public rental housing projects, and the use of volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens were subsequently applied to HOS. So far, 22 relevant projects have been completed with a total provision of as many as 80 000 units. We noticed that for projects adopting volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens, the required remedial works related to bathrooms and kitchens, such as water seepage, amount to at least 50 per cent less compared to traditional on-site construction projects, as reflected in the rectification list submitted by owners after flat in-take. The technology of these volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens has been further developed and it laid the ground for Modular Integrated Construction (MiC), which is well-known to us these days. As this technology is satisfactory in terms of effectiveness and it can further enhance the overall construction quality, the HA has further extended the use of MiC to the construction of entire flats in suitable projects, in addition to bathrooms and kitchens. In March last year, the Development Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of Guangdong Province signed the Letter of Intent on Strengthening Guangdong-Hong Kong Cooperation in Construction and Related Engineering Sectors to deepen the collaboration of construction areas between Guangdong and Hong Kong, including the development of MiC as a new quality productive force to contribute to the high-quality national development, making MiC a strategic industry that expands to the international arena.
 
     Regarding household decoration works, HOS flat owners or decoration workers engaged should consult building professionals on the alteration proposals before commencing works, in addition to heeding advice in the decoration guide and confirming compliance with the deed of mutual covenant of the building. Regarding the video clips recently circulated on the Internet about decoration works of new HOS flats, I would like to draw attention to the following situations. Generally speaking, decoration works which only involve the demolition or minor addition of non-structural walls in a flat, such as altering the position of the toilet door, are exempted from prior approval and consent. If the works involve alterations to non-structural walls inside a flat, depending on the nature and scale of the works, it may be necessary to notify the Independent Checking Unit (ICU) of the Housing Bureau prior to the commencement of the works and/or upon their completion according to the Minor Works Control System. If the works involve alteration to the structure of the building or fire safety, flat owners should seek advice from building professionals to ensure that the alteration works comply with the Buildings Ordinance and relevant regulations. For example, alterations to kitchen partitioning or decoration works for conversion into an open kitchen must first be approved by the ICU. In short, regardless of construction methods, such as MiC, volumetric precast bathrooms and kitchens or planar precast components, the design and construction should be carried out in accordance with the established quality control requirements of the HA, including fabrication testing, installation and inspection procedures. Any restrictions on future modification works have no relation to the construction method used in the project, but the structural design itself. This principle has always been upheld and applicable to different SSF projects.
 
     Regarding the design of SSF, HA’s current kitchen designs aim to facilitate the habit of traditional families in cooking with open flames, and hence the kitchens are equipped with four fire-rated partition walls and fire-rated doors to comply with relevant provisions. We understand that as society constantly changes, people’s living and dietary habits also evolve, and hence residents may have new demands for the design layouts of kitchens. For example, small families of singletons or two tend to prefer simpler cooking styles. Looking ahead, in view of these changes, we are actively exploring the feasibility of adopting an open kitchen design in smaller flats to keep abreast of the times. That said, the design of open kitchens requires addition of automatic sprinkler systems and other additional fire services installations. These fire services installations will also have to be inspected annually by registered fire services installations contractors. We will conduct a comprehensive study on the construction cost effectiveness and future maintenance as well as other issues.
 
     Noting that most HOS owners carry out decoration works according to their own needs, we have decided to introduce design enhancements for HOS projects to be put up for sale starting from 2025, including removal of some provisions that many residents opined as unnecessary in resident surveys and have no relation to regulatory requirements, such as removal of kitchen cooking slab and drying rods in bathrooms to provide owners with greater flexibility in selecting preferable models.
 
     Providing simple, decent and affordable HOS has all along been the vision of the HA. In the future, we will continue to strive for excellence by introducing new materials and technologies to suit the changes in society, and ensure success in every project that we are driving.