Source: Government of Singapore
Tied with 2019 and 2016
Singapore, 23 March 2025 – Singapore’s 2024 Annual Climate Assessment Report was released by the National Environment Agency (NEA)’s Meteorological Service Singapore (MSS) in conjunction with the World Meteorological Day. The report covers Singapore’s main climatic features and notable weather records and events in 2024 and is available on the MSS website at www.weather.gov.sg (please refer to Annex A for an infographic on Singapore’s climate in 2024).
Singapore’s Climate in 2024
Temperature
2 In 2024, Singapore’s annual average temperature was 28.4 degrees Celsius, making it the warmest year on record (tied with 2019 and 2016). Every month in 2024 was equal to or warmer than its corresponding long-term average temperature. Temperature records were broken on several occasions during the year, with record high daily minimum temperatures in February and record high daily maximum temperatures in December.
3 The preceding decade (2015-2024) was Singapore’s warmest decade on record at 28.11 degrees Celsius. This is 0.05 degrees Celsius warmer than the decade from 2014-2023, and the fourth consecutive year that Singapore’s decadal mean temperature record has been broken.
4 While climate change contributed to warmer temperatures, climate variability in 2024 also played a role. The El Niño [1] event that developed in 2023 and ended in the second quarter of 2024 likely contributed to the warm temperatures in 2024, including during Singapore’s hot season (March – May), which was the third warmest hot season on record, after 1998 and 2016 which were also associated with strong El Niño events.
5 Singapore’s annual temperature trend in 2024 is similar to the global trend recently reported by the World Meteorological Organization [2]. 2024 has been declared the warmest year on record globally since 1850.
Heat Stress
6 Singapore experienced higher annual daily mean Wet Bulb Globe Temperature of 27.0 degrees Celsius in 2024 compared to 26.6 degrees Celsius in 2023. However, the number of days of high heat stress [3] was lower. There were 21 days of high heat stress in 2024, fewer than the 37 days in 2023. Most of the 21 high heat stress days in 2024 were during Singapore’s hot season (March to May).
Rainfall
7 In 2024, Singapore’s annual total rainfall of 2739.8mm was 8.1 per cent above the long-term average of 2534mm, making 2024 the twelfth wettest year since 1980. January and November 2024 were exceptionally wet, recording rainfall 83.3 per cent and 47.4 per cent above their respective long-term averages. November’s islandwide average rainfall also broke the record for the wettest November since 1980. July and December were notably dry, 52.7 per cent and 30.0 per cent below their respective long-term averages.
8 While there has been a gradual increase in Singapore’s average annual total rainfall, there is no significant trend in the frequency of heavy rain events and the highest 60-minute rainfall intensity. In 2024, the highest 60-minute rainfall intensities were experienced in the months from September to December compared to the rest of the year, with the highest value of 93mm recorded on 29 December.
Notable Weather Events in 2024
Dry Spell in July
9 Between 13 and 30 July, Singapore experienced 18 consecutive days with daily total rainfall of less than 1.0mm, marking Singapore’s first dry spell since August 2019. Temperatures were also warm, with daily minimum temperatures staying above 28 degrees Celsius in most parts of the island.
Intense Sumatra Squall
10 On 17 September, an intense Sumatra Squall swept across Singapore between 7pm and 8:30pm. Maximum wind gusts exceeded 80km/h, with East Coast Parkway recording 83.2km/h at 7:33pm. The squall also brought cooler weather, with temperatures dropping by about 5 degrees Celsius in five minutes.
Heavy rains in October
11 Even though October is not usually a wet month and October 2024’s monthly rainfall was below its long-term average, Singapore experienced exceptionally high rainfall on 14 October 2024. Regional convergence of winds caused widespread thunderstorms over the island from midnight into the afternoon. The highest daily rainfall recorded that day was 145.8mm at Kent Ridge, making it one of the wettest days of the year
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[1] El Niño and La Niña are a climate phenomenon in the tropical Pacific that affects climate around the world.
[3] Heat stress levels are based on Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT). Days of high heat stress are defined when any hourly average WBGT at a station is equal to or greater than 33 degrees Celsius.
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Annex A
Infographic on Singapore’s Climate in 2024